Nutrition Essay -- Health Nutrition Pyramid Diet

Table of ContentsNutrition Therapy1Nutrition Consult1Meal intend2Body Weight Considerations2Psychosocial support.3Calorie Intake4Nutrient Composition of the Diet4Fat Intake5Carbohydrate Intake6Sucrose6Fructose6Vitamins and Minerals7Alcohol Intake7References8Nutrition TherapyThe most primordial component of the diabetes treatment plan for all patients with type II diabetes is medical nutrition therapy. Specific goals of nutrition therapy in type II diabetes are to1 carry out and maintain as near-normal blood glucose levels as possible by balancing food intake with physical activity, supplemented by oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin (endogenous or exogenous) as needed Normalize blood pressure Normalize serum lipid levels Help patients attain and maintain a reasonable body saddle (defined as the weight an individual and wellness-care provider acknowledge as possible to achieve and maintain on a short- and long-term basis) Promote overall health through optimal nutrition and lifes tyle behaviors. Because no single dietary approach is appropriate for all patients, given the heterogeneous nature of type II diabetes, meal plans and diet modifications should be individualized to meet a patients unique needs and lifestyle. Accordingly, any nutrition intervention should be based on a thorough assessment of a patients typical food intake and eating habits and should include an evaluation of current nutritional status. Some patients with mild-to-moderate diabetes can be efficaciously treated with an appropriate balance of diet modification and exercise as the sole therapeutic intervention, particularly if their fasting blood glucose level is 200 mg/dL. The majority of patients, however, will require pharmacologic intervention in addition to diet and exercise prescriptions. It is important to note that ... ...ng insulin or sulfonylureas are susceptible to hypoglycaemia if alcohol is consumed on an empty stomach. Therefore, these individuals should make sure to tak e any desired alcohol with a meal. Patients with diabetes and coexisting medical problems such as pancreatitis, dyslipidemis, or neuropathy may need to reduce or abstain from alcohol intake. ReferencesAmerican Diabetes Association. Medical Management of Non-insulin-dependent (Type II) Diabetes, 3rd ed. Alexandria, Va American Diabetes Association 199422-39. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes 1996 Vital Statistics. Alexandria, Va American Diabetes Association 1996. Davidson MB. Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis and Treatment, 3rd ed. New York, NY Churchill Livingstone 199135-93. Henry RR. Protein content of the diabetic diet. Diabetes Care. 1994171502-1513. Mudaliar SR, Henry RR. Role of glycemic control and protein restriction in clinical counselling of diabetic kidney disease. Endocr Pract. 19962220-226. American Diabetes Association. Clinical practice recommendations 1995. Position statement nutrition recommendations and principles for people with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 199518(suppl 1)16-19.