Twentieth century Drama Essay Example for Free

Twentieth century Drama Essay When I wrote my additional scenes I wanted to portray an image of two different families, one wealthy, the other quite poor. I chose to do the twins birthday because I felt that this would be a perfect example of showing the differences and introducing the class division issues. When writing my additional scenes I had to consider many aspects of the play. For example The plot; characters and action; setting; themes; language; dramatic devices and stagecraft also, the writers intended effect on the audience. The plot of my additional scenes looks at Mickey and Eddies two, very different birthday celebrations. It comes into the play some years after they decided to become blood brothers. I intend my scene to make the audience stop and think about the way people are treated in our generation because of their class. When reading the play written by Willy Russell I noticed that Mrs Lyons is seen who is a character with severe mental issues. She can break down very easily and can get extremely paranoid at the slightest thing. I decided to use her character in my scene because I feel that she is the best character for acting out. If I was to act out my scene I would enjoy playing Mrs Lyons as she can be very dramatic and I think that is a good quality in a character. Adults would play the part of the children in my play because I dont feel that Children under the age of thirteen can fully understand these types of issues let alone be able to freely act them out in front of a wide audience. I think that if I were to make my scenes into part of a theatre production, I would not want any props, backdrops or extravagant scenery. I feel that when acting with only yourself and the other characters, the audience will be focusing more on the ideas of the play rather than the sparkly props or fancy scenery. For Mickeys party I would use happy type of music all the way through, but for the parts in Eddies Party where it is dramatic, I would use eerie sounding music for when Mrs Lyons is having a mental stage. I think the difference between the boys lifestyle is immense and I think it would be appropriate to show this and display those differences clearly because of the two mothers ways of bringing up the twins. I think that because Mickey had such a poor lifestyle compared to Eddie and not as many opportunities he is not as well experienced. Although, I do think that Mickey would be a lot more streetwise than Eddie and therefore knows what life is like on the rough side of things. Eddie and Mrs Lyons use Standard English in this play, whereas Mickey and Mrs Lyons use non-standard English. This is another form of class division, showing that wealthy people generally speak more proper and poorer people speak with a more common language. I havent used any dance or song in my scenes, because I wanted to focus on the less happy side of the play and feeling that the boys are split up and should be together on their special day, celebrating together, but they are forced to be apart because of their mothers deadly secret. I think the song at the beginning of the play is very well written and I think that the dancing a singing is symbolic and represent hope and the struggle people make to rise above the restrictions of their daily circumstances. I think that the scenes I have written are symbolic in showing the differences in classes and how different one life can be from leaving one family and moving into another, but the way each of the siblings stand up for each other as if its life or death. Not even knowing that they are truly blood brothers.

English Coursework: Macbeth Essay -- English Literature

English Coursework: Macbeth In this essay I will be discussing who is responsible for the death of King Duncan In Shakespeare’s play ‘Macbeth’. The main character in the play, Macbeth, murders King Duncan. However, I feel that he was not totally to blame. I believe that both Lady Macbeth and the three witches played a part in his death and this should not be overlooked. The three witches are all sisters. We first meet the witches in the very first scene of the play when they are on the heath casting a spell. Shakespeare sets the mood of the play by having them on the moor in the thunder and lightening. This creates a feeling of evil. This is where the witches first mention Macbeth. Where the place? Upon the heath. There to meet Macbeth. The witches first meet Macbeth in scene three of act one when he is riding home after being one of the heroes in the war. He is with Banquo when he bumps in to the three ugly sisters. Macbeth is amazed to hear the witches’ prophecy. They foretell that he will be the Thane of Cawdor and will go on to be King. All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor! All hail, Macbeth! That shalt be King hereafter. This stuns Macbeth because he knows that the Thane of Cawdor is still alive. He doesn’t understand how he will become King of Scotland either. He wants to know more from the witches. Stay, you imperfect speakers, tell me more: By Sinel’s death I know I am Thane of Glamis; But how of Cawdor? the Thane of Cawdor still lives, A prosperous gentleman; and to be king, Stands not within the prospect of belief, The witches’ prophecy has put the idea of becoming king into Macbeths mind. He starts to think about it and how it can become true. By th... ... Act 1 Scene 7. But his wife forces him to do the deed by saying that she will leave him if he does not kill him. So that shows that he would not have done it unless his wife (Lady Macbeth) had threatened to leave him. He then kills the king but it is all thought out by his wife so that he will not get caught. Showing that it is that wife that wants it to happen more than Macbeth does. In conclusion I would like to say that I think that lady Macbeth is at most fault because Macbeth would not have done it if Lady Macbeth had not of forced him. But it is true that she would not have got the idea unless Macbeth had heard it from the witches. I don’t feel that Macbeth is at any blame because as I have said he would not have done it unless his wife had forced him. I also feel that the death of King Duncan was half Lady Macbeth’s fault and half the witches.

The Effect Of Population Growth

Population is the largest increasing factor in our world. This factor is the cause of many events in our world. Poverty hunger and war are just some of the immediate effects of increasing population. Among these extreme causes the less immediate events will be seen with air pollution, land degradation, which is the effect that’ll have the longest term effect on the world. But how can these events are avoided? Is there any hope of stopping this from occurring any further? The largest, most identified reason for pollution could be mans technological advancements.Theses advancements such as those in agriculture, and those for transportation took a huge leap during a period in man called the industrial revolution. This period of time began the infectious state the world is in today. Around the early 18th century man had began the need for more things, which in this time was impossible with current methods of doing things. This began to change with the idea of mass production, this concluded in the establishment of large factories filled with hundreds of workers. These factories held the most advanced technology that increased time of production.Theses factories would produce so much fumes that snow and rain came in black droppings. The water was beyond consumable, this kind of behavior only increased over the next century when several parts of the world began their way into industrialization. But besides the factories them self the new form of work out rural areas out of business causing the need for migration to new urban areas better known as cities. These sites were far from sanitary the streets pilled with garbage which couldn’t be controlled without proper sanitation.The questions on the impact that man has put on the earth are seen every day in various ways some unseen to the naked eye but can be physically recorded. One well known example of the human footprint would be the increasing threat air pollution. The known causes of air pollution woul d the everyday events such as millions of car releasing exhaust fuels into the air. Fumes from car exhaust contain dangerous gases such as carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbons and particulates. Major causes of air pollution would be from the emissions from industries and manufacturing activities.Waste incinerators, manufacturing industries and power plants emit high levels of carbon monoxide, organic compounds, and chemicals into the air. This happens almost everywhere that people live. Petroleum refineries also release lots of hydrocarbons into the air. The other well-known contributor to air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels, which aside from air pollution is major concern for the amount of possible fossil fuels reaming. Now a not so well known addition to air pollution is the household and agricultural chemicals.Crop dusting, fumigating homes, household cleaning products or painting supplies, over the counter insect/pest killers, fertilizer dust emit harmful c hemicals into the air and cause pollution. In many case, when we use these chemicals at home or offices with no or little ventilation, we may fall ill if we breathe them. Air pollution particles eventually fall back to Earth. Air pollution can directly contaminate the surface of bodies of water and soil. This can kill crops or reduce their yield. It can kill young trees and other plants.Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide particles in the air can create acid rain when they mix with water and oxygen in the atmosphere. These air pollutants come mostly from coal-fired power plants and motor vehicles. When acid rain falls to Earth, it damages plants by changing soil composition; degrades water quality in rivers, lakes and streams; damages crops; and can cause buildings and monuments to decay. The effects of human productivity, not only has an effect on our air but its damages the earth itself and the creature inhabiting it including humans.Short-term effects, which are temporary, include illnesses such as pneumonia or bronchitis. They also include discomfort such as irritation to the nose, throat, eyes, or skin. Air pollution can also cause headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Long-term effects of air pollution can last for years or for an entire lifetime. They can even lead to a person's death. Long-term health effects from air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases such as emphysema. Air pollution can also cause long-term damage to people’s nerves, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs.Some scientists suspect air pollutants cause birth defects. Nearly 2. 5 million people die worldwide each year from the effects of outdoor or indoor air pollution. People react differently to different types of air pollution. Young children and older adults, whose immune systems tend to be weaker, are often more sensitive to pollution. Conditions such as asthma, heart disease, and lung disease can be made worse by exposure to air pollution. Air pollutants called chlorofluorocarbons (or CFCs) have destroyed parts of the ozone layer.The ozone layer, located in the stratosphere layer of Earth's atmosphere, shields our planet from the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. The areas of thin ozone are called ozone holes. Ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer and damages plants and wildlife. Ozone molecules wind up near the Earth's surface as a part of air pollution. Ozone molecules near the ground damages lung tissues of animals and prevent plant respiration by blocking the openings in leaves where respiration occurs. Without respiration, a plant is not able to photosynthesize at a high rate and so it will not be able to grow.Apart from the effects living organism face with air pollution the earth is becoming less stable for life, these effects are known as global warming which is destroying the very structure of earth that sustains life. Global warming is an environmental phenomenon caused by natural and anthropogenic air pollution. It refers to rising air and ocean temperatures around the world. This temperature rise is at least partially caused by an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases trap heat energy in the Earth’s atmosphere.Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that has had the biggest effect on global warming. Other greenhouse gases emitted by natural and artificial sources also include methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases. Methane is a major emission from coal plants and agricultural processes. Nitrous oxide is a common emission from industrial factories, agriculture, and the burning of fossil fuels in cars. Fluorinated gases, such as hydrofluorocarbons, are emitted by industry. Fluorinated gases are often used instead of gases such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs have been outlawed in many places because they deplete the ozone layer.These continuing air problems are only small compared to problems that can be seen. Water already being a scarce resource in many countries is also affected by the pollution of mankind that has harsh outcomes for people, the environment and its wildlife. We rely on clean water to survive, yet right now we are heading towards a water crisis. Changing climate patterns are threatening lakes and rivers, and key sources that we tap for drinking water are being overdrawn or tainted with pollution. As technology improves, scientists are able to detect more pollutants, and at smaller concentrations, in Earth’s freshwater bodies.Containing traces of pollution ranging from birth control pills, sunscreen to pesticides and petroleum, our planet's lakes, rivers, streams, and groundwater chemical mixture. Beyond synthetic pollution, freshwater is also the end point for biological waste, in the form of human sewage, animal excrement, and rainwater runoff flavored by nutrient-rich fertilizers from yards and farms. These nutrients find their way through river systems into seas, sometimes creating coast al ocean zones void of oxygen—and therefore aquatic life—and making the connection between land and sea painfully obvious.There have been countless reports of the effects water pollution has caused. An article published by Dawn Walls-Thumma talk about the water pollution. â€Å"Mississippi River, poisoning the water in the Gulf of Mexico and causing an 8,000-square-mile dead zone — an area roughly the size of New Jersey — in which aquatic life cannot survive. † This is showing the connection between developed countries and developing ones are closely interacted when it comes to environmental health.Drinking water comes from surface water, such as lakes and rivers, and from groundwater Pollution in these sources affects the quality and safety of water available in your home and, if the problem is not detected, it can affect your health. Pollution of drinking water occurs because of contamination by human and animal waste, mining activities, fertiliz er and pesticides from homes and farms, industrial wastes, hazardous wastes generated by dry cleaners and gas stations, landfills and improperly disposed-of household wastes. Pollution with sewage or manure runoff can cause microbial contamination of drinking water.This results in gastrointestinal diseases that can be fatal in high risk individuals. Nitrates — chemicals used in synthetic fertilizers — can leach into groundwater or run off into surface waters. While most individuals suffer no adverse effects from high levels of nitrates, infants cannot convert them into a harmless substance; if they consume nitrates, they can die from blue baby syndrome, a disorder in which the blood cannot properly carry oxygen. Infants, young children, pregnant and nursing women and some elderly individuals are most at risk for nitrate poisoning.Increased demand for agriculture commodities generates incentives to convert forests and grasslands to farm fields and pastures. The transiti on to agriculture from natural vegetation often cannot hold onto the soil and many of these plants, such as coffee, cotton, palm oil, soybean and wheat, can actually increase soil erosion beyond the soil’s ability to maintain it. The effects of soil erosion go beyond the loss of fertile land. It has led to increased pollution and sedimentation in streams and rivers, clogging these waterways and causing declines in fish and other species.And degraded lands are also often less able to hold onto water, which can worsen flooding. Sustainable land use can help to reduce the impacts of agriculture and livestock, preventing soil degradation and erosion and the loss of valuable land to desertification. The conditions of human life causing pollution is putting an ne to the earth’s life, with increasing populations and developing cities the world will not be able to last past the next generation. The only way we can continue to enjoy our earth is by finding and following the sol utions to these environmental problems.Air pollution to combat pollution in the United States, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 gave the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the authority to establish and enforce air pollution standards and to set emission standards for new factories and extremely hazardous industrial pollutants. The states were required to meet â€Å"ambient air quality standards† by regulating the emissions of various pollutants from existing stationary sources, such as power plants and incinerators, in part by the installation of smokestack scrubbers, electrostatic precipitators, and other filters.Auto manufacturers were mandated to install exhaust controls or develop less polluting engines. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1977, authorized the EPA to impose stricter pollution standards and higher penalties for failure to comply with air quality standards. another well needed policy revision is the Clean up oceangoing vessels. Cruise ships, container ships and tankers emit staggering amounts of smog-forming nitrous oxides, sulfur dioxide, heat-trapping carbon dioxide and particulates, among them black carbon (soot). New evidence shows that pollution from these vessels reaches surprisingly far inland.The U. S. government has requested that the International Maritime Organization (IMO) create an â€Å"emissions-control area† in American waters, including off Alaska and Hawaii. Although the U. S. signed the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, it cannot enforce those requirements until the IMO grants the right to create the control areas along its coastlines. Water pollution solutions are something that everyone can do to help prevent further pollution. Do not keep the tap running when not in use. Also, you can reduce the amount of water you use in washing and bathing.If we all do this, we can significantly prevent water shortages and reduces the amount of dirty water that needs treatment. Do not throw chemicals, oils, paints and medicines down the sink drain, or the toilet. In many cities, your local environment office can help with the disposal of medicines and chemicals. If you use chemicals and pesticides for your gardens and farms, be mindful not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers. This will reduce runoffs of the material into nearby water sources. With soil degradation the best way is to grow leguminous plants.We should use natural manure instead of fertilizers. Legumes are notable in that most of them have symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in structures called root nodules. The world is a far off better place without the constant rising pollution and all it would take is a decrease in the living standards of people in developed countries. The use of less water and care products that’s add to water pollution driving cars that run on fossil fuels worsening our air quality and the chemical ways of farming in addition to the draining of resources.

Analysis Of The Book Elijah Anderson - 1150 Words

In his book Elijah Anderson tries to describe how life is, living in a black poor community in an American town known as Inner-city. In this area everyone is struggling financially and seem distant from the rest of America. The main social class in this town is the â€Å"decent† and the â€Å"street† families as the community has labeled them. The labeling by the local is as a result of social contest between the inhabitants. The line between a decent and street family is usually very thin, it’s based on a family evaluation of itself labeling itself decent and the other street. The irony is that families bearing a street label may value itself as decent and still valuing other families’ street. However, this labels form the basis of understanding inner-city community lifestyle. The community has many of the white society middle class values but they know the values don’t hold water in the street. They say it does not provide the attitude of a person who can take care of themselves in the street. Decent families have a genuine concern and hope for the future. They believe in working hard to get a god pay, having a good possession of valuable material things and bringing their children up. The decent family instills a sense of responsibility and an adherence to laws in its children. Decent parents are more willing to align themselves with institutions. Thus avoiding the street code. The intact nuclear families are the minority in the inner city and they try to avoid the street code.Show MoreRelatedSell Sheet Biographical sketch Darrell Case is the author of Live Life to the Fullest, Out of700 Words   |  3 Pagesdecease mother is stolen. Adam’s easy going nature draws her out.. When Adam arrives at the church he immediately initiates change in their policy angering the deacons. The first service he invites his poor, his black butler, James and his father Elijah to church something unheard of in upper class church. He faces opposition, from uncooperative deacons and outright discrimination. Adam he forges ahead; unaware he is endangering his life and the lives of others. Invagating he uncovers a plotRead MoreRacial And Ethnic Tensions By Elijah Anderson And Dreams Deferred : The Patterns Of Punishment2124 Words   |  9 Pagescohesive analysis of the importance of these works, especially as it pertains to racial and ethnic tensions. I have selected two pieces to go alongside Streetwise by Elijah Anderson: â€Å"Disorderly community partners and broken windows policing† by Ana Muniz and â€Å"Dreams Deferred: The Patterns of Punishment in Oakland† by Victor Rios. While the focus will be on these three readings from this class, I will make casual reference to the other readings as they become relevant. Streetwise by Elijah AndersonRead MoreA Ethnographic Work By Jonathan Rieder1223 Words   |  5 PagesDemocratic constituency could break from the political party affiliation and support the Republican candidates as a social rebel to liberal policies geared towards racial integration which invokes perceived threats to their middle-class lifestyle. Elijah Anderson in â€Å"Streetwise† depicts an interesting portrait of the politics of urban change, documenting the life of two neighboring communities: the Village, a community undergoing gentrification, and the other a ghetto slum home to many African AmericansRead MoreCode Of The Street And My Understanding1345 Words   |  6 PagesStreet And My Understanding Pramod Adhikari Sociology 101 CCBC, Essex Code of the Street And My Understanding Elijah Anderson’s Code of Street is an ethnographic study of several neighborhoods in Philadelphia in the early to mid-1990s. This book is mainly focus on the criminal elements, economical, educational, social, and judicial system in the African American communities. Anderson did several interviews, field observations and researches for four years to demonstrate the internal factors thatRead MoreUrban Poverty: The Underclass Essay2609 Words   |  11 Pagesmight result in stigmatization of particular racial minorities. During the 1970s, a period of liberal silence, the conservative argument emerged as the new dominant theory of the underclass debate. Thus, by the 1980s, the traditional liberal analysis of ghetto behavior as a symptom of structural inequality was replaced with the conservative view that ghetto-specific behavior is linked to ingrained cultural characteristics—â€Å"culture of poverty.† Based on this theory, conservatives claimedRead More Race, Urban Poverty, and Public Policy2419 Words   |  10 Pagesglobal economy, education and training are considered more important than ever.1 Wilson also explores the cognitive impact, such as the undermining of self-efficacy, which is not simply a cultural effect, but a structural effect as well.2 In this book, Wilson goes into great detail illustrating, often in their own words, the attitudes, stereotypes and perceptions that employers -- white and black -- have toward the inner-city ghetto workforce, in particular the denigrated perception of black malesRead More Hope for Rehabilitation for Institutionalized Youth Offenders4628 Words   |  19 Pagesfoundation of Juvenile corrections. Unfortunately this has not held true throughout history and at times this foundational concept had been pushed aside, as we will see later on in the paper. Fox Butterfield communicates a similar notion in his book, All God’s Children. Howell’s focus on the inefficacy of punishment and long terms of confinement is personified through Butterfield’s biography of Willie Bosket. Butterfield concurs with Howell’s theory in claiming that â€Å"there is little evidence that